<b>Rewriting Leda and the Swan: An Ecofeminist Analysis of Angela Carter’s <i>The Magic Toyshop</i> (1967), Lorna Crozier’s “Forms of Innocence” (1985) and “The Swan Girl” (1995)</b> // Reescribiendo Leda y el cisne: Un análisis ecofeminista de <i>The Magic Toyshop</i> (1967) de Angela Carter y de “Forms of Innocence” (1985) y “The Swan Girl” (1995) de Lorna Crozier
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37536/ECOZONA.2018.9.2.2289Keywords:
Ecofeminism, domination, patriarchy, myth, demythologise // Ecofeminismo, dominación, patriarcado, mito, desmitificarAbstract
Angela Carter (1940-1992) and Lorna Crozier (1948) are two examples of contemporary writers who dedicate part of their work to problematizing historically established constructs that undermine the agency of both nature and women. Carter’s and Crozier’s agenda is, thus, in line with ecofeminist tenets, which are based on the interconnectedness of all living things on a non-hierarchical level. The intention of this article is to conduct a contrastive analysis of Crozier’s and Carter’s retelling of the account of Leda and the swan originally described in Ovid’s Metamorphoses (8 AD) and later in W.B. Yeats’s poem “Leda and the Swan” (1928). We contend that both Carter’s and Crozier’s versions of the myth challenge patriarchal domination by giving voice to and empowering Leda, the young female character in the myth. This empowerment is closely associated to Leda’s harmonization with the natural world, since, by going back to nature, the young Ledas in Carter’s and Crozier’s works come to terms with their adolescent bodies in order to become women stripped of restrictive cultural and social beliefs. Accordingly, the original meaning of the figure of the swan is also subverted to adopt connotations more in tune with the creation of a sense of community that challenge the powerful enclosed violence that Ovid and Yeats attributed to this animal by presenting it as Zeus in disguise.
Resumen
Angela Carter (1940-1992) y Lorna Crozier (1948) son dos autoras contemporáneas cuyas obras se dedican, en parte, a problematizar constructos históricamente muy arraigados que infravaloran tanto la agencia de la mujer como de la naturaleza. La agenda de Carter y Crozier está estrechamente relacionada con los principios ecofeministas, que se basan en la interconexión de todos los seres vivos al mismo nivel, sin jerarquías. Este artículo pretende realizar un análisis comparativo de la reescritura por parte de Carter y Crozier del mito de Leda y el cisne en relación al mito original descrito por Ovidio en Las Metamorfosis (8 dC) así como el poema de W.B. Yeats “Leda and the Swan” (1928). En nuestro artículo, sostenemos que tanto las versiones del mito de Carter como las de Crozier no solo desafían la dominación patriarcal dando voz y empoderando a Leda, la joven protagonista en el mito. A su vez, este empoderamiento está estrechamente relacionado con la armonización de Leda con la naturaleza, puesto que, volviendo al mundo natural, las jóvenes Ledas en las obras de Carter y de Crozier aprenden a aceptar sus cuerpos adolescentes con el fin de llegar a ser mujeres liberadas de creencias socioculturales restrictivas. En ese sentido, los textos de Carter y Crozier subvierten el significado original de la figura del cisne, que adopta nuevas connotaciones, relacionadas con un sentido de comunidad con el mundo más que humano. Estas nuevas connotaciones cuestionan además la violencia extrema que Ovidio e Yeats atribuyen al cisne al presentarlo como Zeus disfrazado.
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