<b>Testimoni dei macelli. Esseri umani e animali nella poesia di Ivano Ferrari</b> //Witnesses of the Slaughters. Humans and Animals in Ivano Ferrari’s Poetry // Testigos de las matanzas. Humanos y animales en la poesía de Ivano Ferrari
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37536/ECOZONA.2016.7.1.981Keywords:
Anti-specismo, eco-femminismo, poesia italiana, post-umano, macellazione animale, studi sull’animalità // Animal studies, anti-speciesism, ecofeminism, Italian poetry, posthumanism, slaughterhouse // Estudios animales, anti-especismo, ecofeminismo, poesíaAbstract
Quando le rappresentazioni e le simbologie animali ridimensionano e mettono in discussione lo statuto umano, ci si trova di fronte al passaggio dal teriomorfismo alla questione animale. Ciò significa che, da semplici tropi, le figure animali divengono operatori epistemologici che forzano un ripensamento dell’antropocentrismo e mettono in luce i limiti dello specismo. Le raccolte di poesie Macello (2004) e La Morte Moglie (2013) di Ivano Ferrari sono, all’interno della letteratura italiana, tra i più recenti ed intensi esempi di questo passaggio dal teriomorfismo alla questione animale. Queste poesie costituiscono un diario in presa diretta del periodo che Ivano Ferrari ha trascorso come operaio al mattatoio di Belfiore, presso Mantova. La sua scrittura testimonia le tensioni presenti nel rapporto umano-animale quando questi, fuori e dentro il mattatoio, diventano rispettivamente carnefice e vittima, svelando anche i profondi legami tra crudeltà verso l’animale (interspecifica) e crudeltà verso l’umano (intraspecifica). I componimenti di Ferrari mostrano inoltre come, proprio nell’inumanità dello spazio del mattatoio, sia possibile un contatto con l’animale che riduce la distanza tra specie causata dall’antropocentrismo.
Abstract
When animal representations and symbols reconfigure and challenge human status, we are then confronted with a transition from theriomorphism to the so-called Animal Question. This means that, from simple tropes, animal figures become epistemological operators that force a reconsideration of anthropocentrism and highlight the limits of speciesism. Ivano Ferrari’s poetry collections Macello (2004) and La morte moglie (2013) are, within Italian literature, among the most recent and intense examples of this shift from theriomorphism to the Animal Question. The poems constitute a type of diary of the period Ferrari spent working in the abattoir in Belfiore, near Mantua. His writing bears witness to the tensions present in the relationship between humans and animals when, inside and outside of the slaughterhouse, they become respectively executioner and victim, revealing even the profound links between cruelty to the animal (interspecific) and cruelty to the human (intraspecific). Ferrari’s compositions also show how, precisely in the inhumane space of the slaughterhouse, contact with the animal is possible, contact that reduces that distance between species caused by anthropocentrism.
Resumen
Cuando las representaciones y símbolos de animales reconfiguran y cuestionan el estatus de lo humano, nos enfrentamos a la transición del teriomorfismo a la llamada Cuestión Animal. Esto significa que las figuras animales pasan de ser simples tropos a operadores epistemológicos que fuerzan una reconsideración del antropocentrismo y resaltan los límites del especismo. Los poemarios Macello (2004) y La morte moglie (2013) de Ivano Ferrari se encuentran, dentro de la literatura italiana, entre los ejemplos más recientes e intensos de este cambio del teriormofismo hacia la Cuestión Animal. Los poemas constituyen un tipo de diario del periodo que Ferrari pasó trabajando en el matadero en Belfiore, cerca de Mantua. Su escritura da testimonio de las tensiones contemporáneas en la relación entre humanos y animales cuando, dentro y fuera del matadero, estos se vuelven verdugo y víctima respectivamente, revelando inclusive los profundos vínculos entre crueldad hacia los animales (inter-específico) y crueldad al humano (intra-específico). Las composiciones de Ferrari también muestran cómo, precisamente en el espacio inhumano del matadero, el contacto con lo animal es posible, un contacto que reduce la distancia entre las especies causado por el antropocentrismo.
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