<b>Les biographies animales: Histoires naturelles, histoires personnelles</b> // Animal Biographies: Natural Stories, Personal Stories // Biografías animales: Historias naturales, historias personales
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.37536/ECOZONA.2017.8.1.1230Mots-clés :
Zoopoétique , animal studies , biographies animales , histoires naturelles // Zoopoetics, animal studies, animal biographies, natural histories// Zoopoética, estudios de los animales, biografías animales, historias naturalesRésumé
Résumé
Cet article aborde la question des biographies animales dans la littérature de langue française. Alors qu’elle intéresse depuis peu l’éthologie, la philosophie, l’histoire, elle a toujours passionné les écrivains, en particulier les auteurs d’inspiration naturaliste soucieux de décrire les vies des bêtes observées, et les écrivains « animaliers » fascinés par des bêtes dont ils partagent les vies ou dont ils fréquentent quotidiennement les mondes. A partir des oeuvres de Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) et Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), j’examine dans quelle mesure ce corpus littéraire individualise et personnalise les existences animales, c’est-à-dire représente leurs vécus. On comprend en dernière analyse combien la question des biographies personnelles des bêtes est lourde d’enjeux.
Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of animal biographies in French-language literature. While ethology, philosophy and history have only been recently interested in it, this issue has always fascinated writers, especially authors of naturalistic inspiration desirous of describing the lives of the animals they were observing, and « animalistic » writers fascinated by the animals whose lives they share or whose worlds they dwell in. I examine the works of Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) and Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), to highlight to what extent this literary corpus individualizes and personalizes animal existences, that is to s ay, represents their lived experiences. In the end, we come to understand how important the issue of personal biographies of animals is.
Resumen
En este artículo se aborda el tema de las biografías animales en la literatura en lengua francesa. Mientras que la etología, la filosofía y la historia las estudian desde hace poco, siempre fascinaron a los escritores, especialmente a los escritores naturalistas deseosos de describir la vida de los animales observados, y a los escritores “animalistas” apasionados por los animales con los que coexisten o interaccionan en sus propios mundos. Examino las obras de Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) y Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), para mostrar cómo este corpus literario individualiza y personaliza las existencias animales, es decir, representa sus vivencias. Se destaca y se valora a fin de cuentas la importancia del tema de las biografías personales de los animales.
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